Vol. 5, Issue 2, Part B (2023)

Respiratory infections represent a significant global health burden, often prompting the widespread prescription of antibiotics. However, the escalating concern of antibiotic resistance necessitates a critical review of current practices. Paediatric upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs) are among the common medical issue in general practice (GP). Despite the rarity of complications associated with URTIs and the limited or negligible benefit of antibiotics in uncomplicated cases, there has been a recent surge in antibiotic prescriptions subsequent to a decline that began in the late 1990s. This article examines potential causes for the rise and evaluates the evidence regarding antibiotic withholding. The review highlights the need for a paradigm shift in treatment approaches and emphasizes the importance of implementing evidence-based strategies to reduce unnecessary antibiotic consumption.