Vol. 5, Issue 2, Part B (2023)

In pediatrics: IDA remains a challenging health problem. It's the commonest nutritional deficiency worldwide, specifically in developing nations. The causes of ID in children are insufficient Fe intake along with increased requirements because of fast growth. Children who have mild IDA are often asymptomatic. Yet, children with marked Fe deficiency anemia, increased HR and HF might occur. Treatment of IDA is based on the cause of the disorder. Oral administration of Fe+2 salts offers cheap yet efficient improvement in correcting anemia due to its high bioavailability. The commonest Fe salt utilized for oral administration is Fe+2 sulfate, yet it's proved to cause intestinal adverse influences (including nausea, vomiting abdominal pain, constipation, diarrhea) in a lot of users. Ferrous fumarate has less GIT adverse influences and is actually absorbed better than Fe sulfate. The iron polymaltose complex is absorbed and exchanged to transport proteins gradually, avoiding fast increase in Fe in serum and Fe distribution to various tissues. Lactoferrin is an Fe binding, non-heme protein that's structurally and chemically resembles serum transferrin. The transporter of Fe in the serum. It's produced by mucosal epithelium, detected in secretions like salivary, nasal, bronchial secretions and highly produced in milk.