Vol. 2, Issue 1, Part A (2020)

Introduction: Rickets is a disease of growing bone that is unique to children and adolescents. It is caused by a failure of osteoid to calcify in growing children. Failure of osteoid to calcify in adults is called osteomalacia. Aim of the Study: This study aimed to see clinical profile & risks factors children’s with rickets in a tertiary care hospital. Material & Methods: The retrospective study was conducted in the Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolioc Disorder of Dhaka Shishu (Children) Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh during the period from January 2018 to December 2019. Child aged 1-5 years attending in the mentioned with complaints bowing of leg and/or clinical symptoms consistent with rickets were approached. The participants of the study were 124. Informed consent and ethical measures were ensured in each case. Data analysis was done by SPSS 23. Results: In analyzing the diagnostic findings of the participants we found the highest 96 (77.42%) participants were with nutritional rickets, 17(13.71%) were with non-nutritional rickets and the rest 11(8.87%) were rickets-like diseases. Infant of maternal vitamin D deficiency were 12(9.68%) of (1-2) months of infant came with convulsion. In analyzing the spectrum of presentation of children with both the nutritional and non-nutritional rickets we found, 31(25.00%) participants were with bow leg whereas, 4(3.23%) were with knock knee, 13 (10.48%) were with sabre tibia. On the other hand, as upper limb deformities we found 36(29.03) % with swelling and/or widening wrists. We also found head findings 2(1.61%) with craniotabes and 7(5.65%) with wide anterior fontanelle. Besides these, as other deformities we found 8(6.45%) with rib beading, 4(3.23) % with pectus carinatum, 9(7.26%) with delayed growth and 10(8.06%) with delayed dentition. The ricks factor of rickets Low sunlight intake (sun light explorer) were 94(75.81%), Infant of maternal vitamin D deficiency were 12(9.68%), Industrial area were 1(0.81%), Rural area were 5(4.03%), Urban area were 9(7.26%) and low socio-economic condition were 3(2.42%). Conclusion: Nutritional rickets is the commonest subtype of rickets in Bangladesh. In ours study ‘nutritional rickets’ are found 70% to 80% (77.42%) among the patients with rickets. Sometimes physician may be misguided or be confused by the etiology of rickets like diseases without any clinical findings.